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Equations and Misconceptions: Acids, Bases and Salts

Section A: Formulae and Products

Question 1mcq
Which equation is balanced?
A.2HCl+CaCO3→CaCl2+H22HCl + CaCO_3 \rightarrow CaCl_2 + H_2
B.HCl+CaCO3→CaCl2+H2OHCl + CaCO_3 \rightarrow CaCl_2 + H_2O
C.2HCl+CaCO3→CaCl2+H2O+CO22HCl + CaCO_3 \rightarrow CaCl_2 + H_2O + CO_2
D.HCl+CaCO3→CaCl+CO2HCl + CaCO_3 \rightarrow CaCl + CO_2
Question 2mcq
Which equation shows neutralisation correctly?
A.NaOH+HNO3→NaH+NO3NaOH + HNO_3 \rightarrow NaH + NO_3
B.NaOH+HNO3→NaNO2+H2NaOH + HNO_3 \rightarrow NaNO_2 + H_2
C.NaOH+HNO3→NaNO3+H2ONaOH + HNO_3 \rightarrow NaNO_3 + H_2O
D.NaOH→Na+OHNaOH \rightarrow Na + OH
Question 3mcq
On heating baking soda, one product is:
A.CO2CO_2
B.H2H_2
C.Cl2Cl_2
D.N2N_2
Question 4mcq
Which equation is related to bleaching powder preparation?
A.CaSO_4 \cdot rac{1}{2}H_2O + H_2O \rightarrow CaSO_4 \cdot 2H_2O
B.NaCl+AgNO3→AgCl+NaNO3NaCl + AgNO_3 \rightarrow AgCl + NaNO_3
C.NaHCO3+HCl→NaCl+H2O+CO2NaHCO_3 + HCl \rightarrow NaCl + H_2O + CO_2
D.Ca(OH)2+Cl2→CaOCl2+H2OCa(OH)_2 + Cl_2 \rightarrow CaOCl_2 + H_2O
Question 5mcq
Which compound is sodium carbonate decahydrate?
A.NaHCO3NaHCO_3
B.CaOCl2CaOCl_2
C.CaSO4⋅2H2OCaSO_4 \cdot 2H_2O
D.Na2CO3⋅10H2ONa_2CO_3 \cdot 10H_2O
Question 6mcq
Which equation best shows POP setting?
A.HCl+NaOH→NaCl+H2OHCl + NaOH \rightarrow NaCl + H_2O
B.NaHCO3→Na2CO3+H2O+CO2NaHCO_3 \rightarrow Na_2CO_3 + H_2O + CO_2
C.Ca(OH)2+Cl2→CaOCl2+H2OCa(OH)_2 + Cl_2 \rightarrow CaOCl_2 + H_2O
D.CaSO_4 \cdot rac{1}{2}H_2O + rac{3}{2}H_2O \rightarrow CaSO_4 \cdot 2H_2O

Section B: Common Confusions

Question 7mcq
Which correction is true?
A.Strong means more volume
B.Strong/weak is about ionisation; concentrated/dilute is about amount dissolved
C.Concentrated means no water
D.Dilute means always weak
Question 8mcq
Which statement is correct?
A.All acids are alkalis
B.All bases are soluble
C.Alkalis are insoluble acids
D.All alkalis are bases, but not all bases are alkalis
Question 9mcq
A pH of 6 is:
A.Strongly basic
B.Impossible
C.Neutral
D.Slightly acidic
Question 10mcq
A student says acid + carbonate gives hydrogen. The correction is:
A.Acid + carbonate gives carbon dioxide
B.Acid + carbonate gives no gas
C.Acid + carbonate gives oxygen
D.Acid + carbonate gives nitrogen
Question 11mcq
Why should bitter taste not be used as a lab test for bases?
A.Bases are always food
B.Litmus is unsafe but tasting is safe
C.Tasting chemicals is unsafe
D.Taste gives exact pH
Question 12mcq
If pH decreases from 6 to 3, acidity:
A.Becomes neutral
B.Increases
C.Cannot change
D.Decreases