1
What acids and bases release
Describe acids as furnishing hydrogen ions and bases as furnishing hydroxide ions in aqueous solution.
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Acids Bases and Salts
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2
Use indicators
Predict colour changes with litmus, phenolphthalein, methyl orange and natural indicators.
3
Compare acid-base strength
Use pH and ion concentration ideas qualitatively without logarithmic calculations.
4
Classify household substances
Use indicator results and common knowledge to classify daily-use materials.
5
Acid plus metal reactions
Describe formation of salt and hydrogen gas when acids react with suitable metals.
6
Acid plus carbonate reactions
Identify salt, water and carbon dioxide as products.
7
Acid plus metal oxide reactions
Explain neutralisation of basic oxides by acids.
8
Base plus non-metal oxide reactions
Explain neutralisation of acidic oxides by bases.
9
Write acid-base equations
Create and balance equations for reactions involving acids, bases, metals, carbonates and oxides.
10
Understand neutralisation
Describe how acid and base react to form salt and water.
11
Read the pH scale
Use pH values to compare acidity, neutrality and basicity.
12
pH in daily life
Apply pH concepts to digestion, tooth decay, soil treatment, plants and aquatic life.
13
Choose pH remedies
Select antacids, soil treatments or neutralising agents based on pH context.
14
Name the salt formed
Relate the parent acid and base to common salts.
15
Sodium hydroxide uses
Describe key preparation idea and applications of sodium hydroxide.
16
Bleaching powder uses
Connect preparation, properties and everyday uses of bleaching powder.
17
Baking soda uses
Describe preparation, properties and applications of sodium hydrogen carbonate.
18
Washing soda uses
Describe preparation, properties and applications of sodium carbonate.
19
Plaster of Paris uses
Relate preparation, setting reaction and uses of plaster of Paris.
20
Water in crystals
Explain hydrated salts using examples such as washing soda and copper sulphate crystals.
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