Differentiate distance and displacement
Compare path length and shortest change in position.
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Compare path length and shortest change in position.
Compare scalar speed with directional velocity.
Define core motion quantities clearly.
Express displacement, velocity and acceleration in correct SI units.
Plot position-time graphs for one-dimensional motion.
Use slope and graph shape to describe motion.
Plot velocity-time graphs for constant velocity or acceleration.
Find acceleration and displacement from velocity-time graphs.
Derive kinematic equations using graphical method.
Calculate unknown quantities using constant acceleration equations.
Calculate average velocity using displacement and time or graphs.
Use velocity-time data to calculate average acceleration.
Explain motion at constant speed on a circular path.
Derive speed using circumference and time period.
Collect motion data using simple instruments and represent it.
Analyse variables affecting real-life motion and communicate conclusions.
Use consistent sign convention for upward and downward motion, and assign correct signs to displacement, velocity and acceleration due to gravity.
Solve numerical problems involving bodies thrown upward, dropped downward or projected vertically using equations of motion under gravity.
Use motion equations to find maximum height, time to rise, time to fall and total time of flight in vertical motion.
Solve advanced motion-under-gravity questions involving distance covered in nth second, last second and ratio-based reasoning.
Solve problems where two bodies are dropped or thrown simultaneously and their meeting point, meeting time or relative motion must be determined.
Understand the idea of differentiation as rate of change and connect the slope of a position-time function with velocity.
Differentiate simple polynomial or algebraic position-time expressions to obtain velocity at any instant.
Differentiate simple velocity-time expressions to determine acceleration and interpret whether motion is speeding up or slowing down.
Use the product rule in basic motion expressions where the position or velocity is expressed as a product of simple factors.
Use the chain rule in basic composite motion expressions and connect the result to velocity or acceleration.
Use simple integration to determine displacement from velocity functions and connect integration with accumulation of motion.
Relate the area under a velocity-time graph to displacement and use simple graph-based integration ideas in motion problems.
Read and analyse advanced position-time graphs to identify rest, constant speed, variable speed and direction of motion.
Read and analyse velocity-time graphs to determine acceleration, retardation, displacement and different motion phases.
Interpret acceleration-time graphs and connect them with changes in velocity over time.
Use slope and area methods to solve advanced graph questions involving velocity, acceleration and displacement.
Interpret which graph best represents a given motion situation such as braking, free fall, returning motion or piecewise motion.
Relate simple motion equations to corresponding graphs and infer equations from graph features.
Solve multi-step graph problems involving piecewise motion, sign interpretation, interval reasoning and comparison of multiple graphs.
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